2009年2月7日星期六

Sticker Album


Monster in My Pocket
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Monster in My Pocket is a media franchise developed by Morrison Entertainment Group, headed by Joe Morrison and John Weems (two former senior executives at Mattel).
The focus is on monsters and legendary creatures from religion, mythology, literary fantasy, science fiction, cryptids and other anomalous phenomena. Monster in My Pocket produced trading cards, comic books, books, toys, a board game, a video game, and an animated special, along with music, clothing, kites, stickers, and various other items.
The line proved controversial for various reasons and many changes were implemented that took it away from its original mythmaking focus, though it has since reemerged with the original idea intact. It is not to be confused with Pocket Monsters, the Japanese name for Pokémon (which was the planned name for the franchise).
Contents
1 Toys
2 Monster in My Pocket in other media
3 More details about individual monsters
4 Known Monster in My Pocket items
4.1 2006
5 Credits
6 See also
7 References
8 External links


Toys
Monster in My Pocket is best known as a toy-line released by Matchbox in 1990. It consists of small, soft plastic figures representing monsters, and later other tangentially-related characters.
In its first run, there were eleven series released, the third being the rarest. There were over 200 monsters in the collection, most of which were assigned a point value. Among the highest valued monsters were the Etruscan deity Charun (100 points) and among the least being the Invisible Man (5 points). Initially, the high point value was 25, which was elevated to 30 for the second (49–72) and third series (73–96); the fourth, "Super Scary", series (97–120) introduced the 100 point monsters. The third series does not appear to have been formally released, though portions of it were released as premiums through Shreddies, Bob's Big Boy, Pizza Hut, and Konami. Indeed, Monster Mailer #1, the Monster in My Pocket Collector's Club newsletter, refers to the fourth series as "Series III", in spite of a gap in numbering. They were initially solid-colored, though later series would gradually add more painted colors, until they became fully colored under the auspices of new toy makers Corinthian Marketing and Vivid Imaginations.
A board game was also released by Decipher Limited, which used the action figures as playing pieces. The game involved using the monsters to fight battles in terrains where they had different strengths—New York, Tundra, Volcano, and Swamp. This should not be confused with the Monster Clash action game made by Matchbox—a board game/playset combo in which glow in the dark rubber balls were launched from catapults as part of the game. Other toys included Super Scary Howlers representing Vampire, The Monster, Swamp Beast, and Werewolf, a Monster Mountain display case with custom labels for series 1, a Monster Pouch fanny pack, Battle Cards featuring The Beast and Witch, and a Haunted House playset, which was probably never released, although it was shown at Toy Fair 1992.
The line proved more popular in the United Kingdom and continental Europe than in the United States where it was originally developed. It ran into difficulty in United Kingdom with its large population of Hindus, as the divinities Kālī, Ganesha, Hanuman, and Yama, were all depicted as "monsters" resulting in great offense, including a public outcry by the Vishva Hindu Parishad[1]. Except for the minor deity, Yama, god of death, these were removed from the line in United Kingdom. After the fourth series, which contained Hanuman and Yama, was released, they decided to play it safe and provided follow-up series: Super Creepies, 24 comical (punning) aberrations of real insects and arachnids created by "Dr. Zechariah Wolfram" with point values up to 250, Dinosaurs, released in both regular and "Secret Skeleton" format, and 16 Space Aliens that were essentially original. The point values went up even further, as high as 500. A second series of 24 dinosaurs is even rarer than series 3. In some markets, such as Argentina, the dinosaurs were released as Dinosaur in My Pocket. Many of these were not released outside of Europe. The Dinosaurs appear to have been released in the U.S. only through premium distribution by Hardee's, and these were not the standard figures that were sold in stores.
The Monster Wrestlers in My Pocket debuted in United Kingdom in 1994, no longer produced by Matchbox, but by Corinthian Marketing. The first nine, including Tony the Tiger as a coach, were released in Kellogg's Frosties cereal. The numbering was restarted, the high point value was returned to 100, and the coaches and referees, save for the 100 point "Tony the Coach", were the first monsters designated with 0 points. Frosties also did a nine-monster series of Monster Sports Stars in My Pocket, including "Tony the Referee", which were made of much harder plastic and had no point values. Seventeen Monster Ninja Warriors in My Pocket were produced in 1996 by Vivid Imaginations, some of which came with vehicles and accessories. These also caught on with the Pog fad, in addition to being the first Monster in My Pocket figures with removable weapons. The figures that were not made by Matchbox were painted in full colors and came in only a few variations, rather than previously coming in multiple solid or tri-tone colors.




Paper Fastener




Stapler
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008)

A standard office stapler
A stapler is a mechanical device that joins together sheets of paper or other similar materials by driving a thin metal staple through the sheets and folding over the ends to secure the paper. Staplers are widely used in government, business, offices and schools.
Contents
1 History
2 Methods
3 Surgical use
4 See also
5 References



History
The first stapler was believed to be handmade in the 18th century in France for King Louis XV of France. Each staple was inscribed with the insignia of the royal court, as required.[1] The growing uses of paper in the 19th century created a demand for an efficient paper fastener.[2] On August 7, 1866, the Novelty Paper Fastener was patented by the Patent Novelty Mfg Co. It allowed a single staple to be loaded and was used to mainly bind papers or books, but also carpet, furniture or boxes. Staples for the fastener were manufactured by the P.N. Mfg Co. in several sizes: 3/16 inches, ¼ inches, 3/8 inches, and ½ inches.
In 1866, George W. McGill was awarded U.S. patent no. 56,587 for a small, bendable brass paper fastener which was the precursor to the modern staple. In 1867, he received U.S. patent no. 67,665 for a press to insert the fastener into paper. He showed his invention at the 1867 Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and continued to work on these and other various paper fasteners through the 1880s. In 1868 a patent was also taken out for a stapler in England by C.H. Gould. On February 18, 1879, patent nº 212,316 was given for the McGill Single-Stroke Staple Press. This device weighed over two and a half pounds and was able to load a single 1/2 inch wide wire staple at a time and drive it through several sheets of paper.
In the early 1900s, several devices were developed and patented that punched and folded papers to attach them to each other without a metallic clip. One early example is the Clipless Stand Machine (made in Newton, Iowa), which was sold from 1909 into the 1920s. It cut a tongue in the paper that was folded back and tucked in to hold the papers together. Bump's New Model Paper Fastener used a similar cutting and weaving technology.

Methods

Stanley Bostitch Stapler

Exploded view
Permanent fastening is used for permanently binding items by driving the staple through and bending over the staple inwards to clinch it. Most modern staplers have a metal attachment that can be rotated to choose between inward stapling and outward stapling (in reference to the way the staple is folded). Clinches can be standard, squiggled, flat, or rounded with completely adjacent to the paper in order to stack documents more neatly.
A staple remover is a device that can remove staples fastened in this manner, by using a pair of interlocking curved claws that slide under the staple's bent-over ends and bend them back out.
Tacking is used for fastening objects to bulletin boards or walls. In order to use a stapler for tacking, the base hinge must allow the base to be folded out of the way so that staples can be driven directly into an object without use of the anvil. Heavy-duty tacking with larger staples, as in the case of affixing posters to a utility pole or wooden fence, is done using a staple gun.
Pinning is used to temporarily bind documents or other items, often cloth or clothing, for sewing. In order to pin using a stapler, the anvil must be shifted so that the staple bends outwards instead of inwards. The staple binds the item with relative security, but can be easily removed by pulling the staple along the plane of the paper. This method varies between staplers, as some anvils need to be simply pushed forward to allow pinning, while others must be rotated. Some staplers implement pinning by bending one leg of the staple inwards, while bending the other outwards. Some modern staplers, though, do not include support for pinning.
Saddle staplers have an inverted "V"-shaped saddle for stapling pre-fold sheets to make booklets.
Stapleless staplers are often presented as a more environmentally friendly means of stapling, and operate by punching out a small flap of paper and weaving it through a notch. Although invented first in 1910, the stapleless stapler has only recently acquired popularity.

Surgical use
Surgical staplers are used as substitutes for sutures. These do not resemble standard staplers as they have no "jaw" or plate to bend the staple into shape. They may be used to close the skin, or during surgical anastomosis. Surgical staples are commonly preshaped into a "M". Pressing the stapler into the skin and applying pressure onto the handle bends the staple through the skin and into the fascia until the two ends almost meet in the middle forming a rectangle.
Staplers are commonly used intra-operatively during bowel resections in colorectal surgery. Often these staplers have an integral knife, so as the staples are deployed the knife cuts through the bowel, maintaining the aseptic field within the abdominal cavity. The staples, made from surgical steel, are typically supplied in disposable, pre-filled, pre-sterilized cartridges.